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| 11. | Since periods before Qin Dynasty,both Confucianism and Daoism thought highly of the practical ways and |
| 自先秦以来,儒、道两家均非常重视对“成人之道”这一实践方法、途径与过程的探讨,并分别都将“圣人”人格境界化、审美化了。 |
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| 12. | Before the Tang Dynasty (608-917), it was known as Mei'Cheng'Shan or Plum Peak Hill. |
| 唐代以前，称为“梅岑山”。 |
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| 13. | There were two main techniques for sea salt making in ancient China: pouring-boiling technique before |
| 摘要我国古代海盐生产技术主要有两种：明代之前的淋煎法和元代开始兴起的滩晒法，目前学界对淋煎法的起源问题迄无定论。 |
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| 14. | in my humble a rticle came from pre-dynasty, it is bound together by countless ties to the fol kways before |
| 拙文所论述的唐代长江流域的民俗，绝大部分是从前代传承而来，它与唐代以前的民俗存在着千丝万缕的联系。 |
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| 15. | Before the Qing Dynasty, Hui salt was mainly marketed in the areas of central and southern Jiangxi. |
| 清代以前,江西中、部地区历来以销售淮盐为主,但由于受行盐划界体制及其他翩度与菲制度因素的影响,这一在全省乃至两淮盐区都具有重要地位的食盐行销区,时至清中叶,私盐贸易变得非常活跃。 |
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| 16. | In Chinese traditional thought before Han dynasty,the meaning of Qing is a problem attended by western |
| 在汉代以前的中国思想中 ,“情”的意义到底如何 ,它与“真实”、“情感”等概念有何关系 ,是西方汉学家长期关注的一个问题。 |
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| 17. | This part analysis the meaning of "buy on credit" and the recordsof credit sale before the Song Dynasty |
| 本文介绍了史料中对“赊”字的解析以及两宋以前有关赊买卖情况的记载。 |
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| 18. | Before the Ming Dynasty(1368-1644), seals were generally made for practical uses such as identification |
| 明代（368—1644年）前，印章只是实用品，是人们在交往过程中表明身份的凭信工具。图为汉代的“皇后之玺”。 |
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| 19. | Before Ming dynasty, it's industrial structure including agriculture stock raising and so on, during |
| 明以前其产业结构农林牧兼有,明清时期农业逐步占据了主导地位。 |
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| 20. | What is known as "the willow of the Tang Dynasty" before the Jokhang Temple was reputedly planted there |
| 现在大昭寺前的“唐柳”，相传还是文成公主和松赞干布亲手栽种的呢! |
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