1.top用作名词时意思是“顶端”“最高点”,转化为动词时意思是“到…顶上〔上面〕”“作为…顶端”,引申可表示“盖上盖子”“覆盖”“超过”。
2.top是及物动词,接名词或代词作宾语。

top off(v.+adv.)
1.修剪…的顶部; 给…最后装饰或加盖 trim at the top; put a finishing or cover on
▲top sth⇔off
He topped off the hedge.他整修了树篱顶部。
They topped off their little hut with a straw thatch.他们给自己的小屋盖了稻草顶。
◇ 用于be ～ed结构
The tallest commercial building in that state was topped off yesterday.该州最高的商业大楼于昨日封顶。
2.达到最高点 reach a peak
▲top off
The production figures this month have topped off.这个月的生产数字已达最高点。
The rise in prices seems to have topped off, so goods should cost the same for a longer time now.看来物价上涨已达顶点,所以在较长一段时间内物价会保持稳定。
3.〈非正〉使成功地完成 climax or complete
▲top sth⇔off
She topped off her dinner with coffee.她以咖啡结束了她的晚餐。
4.重新给…加满燃料 resupply or refuel to capacity
▲top off
Does the car need topping off?这辆汽车需要加满油吗?
▲top sth⇔off
◇ 用于be ～ed结构
The ship has been topped off with fuel.这艘船已经加满了燃料。

top out(v.+adv.)
举行建筑物落成典礼 perform a ceremony to mark the completion of a high building
▲top out
When we top out, there will be souvenirs for everyone who has worked on the site.到我们举行落成典礼时,凡是在工地上劳动过的人都会得到纪念品的。

top up(v.+adv.)
给…加满 add sth in order to make full
▲top sb/sth⇔up
Your glass is empty, let me top you up.你的杯子是空的,让我给你斟满。
The waiters were constantly on the move, topping up the glasses.服务员不停地走来走去,把酒杯斟满。
Could you let me have a small can of water to top up my radiator?能给我一小罐水让我把水箱加满吗?
He topped up the car with a special brand of petrol.他给汽车加满了一种特别牌号的汽油。

用作及物动词
▲S+～+n./pron.
His car topped the steep hill easily.他的汽车很轻易地就爬上了这座陡峭的小山顶端。
A church tops the hill.山顶有一座教堂。
A steeple tops the church.教堂的顶端是一个尖型结构。
He is going to top the barn tomorrow.他打算明天给粮仓封顶。
Please top the box.请盖上盒子。
He topped his father by half a head.他比他父亲高出半个头。
The sun topped the horizon.太阳从地平线上升起。
She is expected to top the poll.预计她得票最多。
He tops the rest in scholarship.他的学识超过其他人。
◇ 用于be ～ed结构
The prairie is topped occasionally by low hills.偶尔可见大草原上隆起几座低矮的小山。

［同义词］ n.  acme, upside, peak, summit adj.  best, chief, first, foremost, greatest, highest, lead v.  beat, best, better, climb, excel
［反义词］ n.  base, bottom
［词源］  ＜古英语topp(顶)

1.top的基本意思是“顶部”,主要指“顶端,盖子”,是可数名词,通常与the连用,引申可指“首位,最高的地位”,此时多用作单数形式。
2.表示“在…上面”可以说on the top of sth,也可说on top of sth,但“在上面”只能说on top。
3.top常以复数形式tops表示“(套装、睡衣的)上衣”“(根菜类的)叶”。

That top belongs to this box.那个盖是这个盒子上的。
The mountaineers did not begin to come down the mountain till they had reached the top.登山者们登上顶峰后才开始下来。
She was aiming for the top in her career.她立志攀登事业的顶峰。
The top of the box bends back to show the goods.箱子盖向后敞开,里面装的货都露了出来。
The road will bring you up to the top of the cliff.这条道会把你引到峭壁的顶端。
The old man was puffing and blowing when he got to the top of the hill.那老人到达山顶时,喘息不止。
I lifted my head and looked up.Red flags were flying from the top of the pass.我抬头望去,只见山顶上红旗招展。
They seldom went far from home, and they fancied that the whole world was seen from the top of their hill.他们难得离开家园,他们以为从他们的小山顶上可以看见全世界。
She feared for the little boy when she saw him at the top of the tree.她看到那小男孩在树顶上时,着实替他捏了一把汗。
Mark the total at the top of the page “brought forward”.给这页上方的数字标上“由上页入”的字样。
I shouted at the top of my voice and instantly the mountains and valleys answered.我高声呼喊,山谷立即发出回声。
The light on top of the police car was flashing.警车上部的灯在闪耀。
The house has been redesigned, top and bottom.这房子完全是重新设计的。
He sits at the top of the table.他坐上席。
He is at the top of his class.他是班上最优秀的学生。

1.她从头到脚穿了一身黑衣。
［误］  She was dressed in black from the top to the toe.
［正］  She was dressed in black from top to toe.
［析］  from top to toe表示“从头到脚”,其间不能插定冠词the。
2.这个女秘书能胜任她的工作。
［误］  The girl secretary is on the top of her job.
［正］  The girl secretary is on top of her job.
［析］  on top of表示“驾驭,熟练掌握”时, top前不能加the。
3.我把我的包放在你的包上。
［误］  I put my bag at (the) top of yours.
［正］  I put my bag on (the) top of yours.
他的名字高列榜首。
［误］  His name was on the top of the list.
［正］  His name was at the top of the list.
一面红旗耸立在山顶上。
［误］  A red flag stands on the top of the hill.
［正］  A red flag stands at the top of the hill.
［析］  表示“在…上面”应该用 on (the) top of,介词on不可以改成at。但表示“在…顶端”“在…最上方”时要用at the top of。因为at表示一个点,而on表示一个面,范围比at广。

1.top作形容词时意思是“最高的,最优良的”。
2.top在句中一般只作定语,在英式英语中偶尔可用作表语。

用作定语
▲～+n.
He took up residence on the top floor of a hotel.他在一家旅馆的顶层住下。
I won't pay top prices for goods of inferior quality.我不愿付高价买那些质量低劣的商品。
The top team in each group played off seven games against each other.各组的前几名彼此进行7场比赛。
Jim may be a good runner, but when he entered for the top international competitions, he found he had bitten off more than he could chew.吉姆算得上是优秀赛跑运动员,但当他参加了最高级国际比赛时,他觉得自己力不从心。
He is running at top speed.他正在全速地奔跑。
用作表语
▲S+be+～+prep.-phrase
She is top in French.她的法语学得最好。