1.thunder的基本意思是“打雷”。引申可作“发出隆隆响声”“愤怒谴责,猛烈攻击”解。
2.thunder也可引申表示“大声嚷道”,可用以引出直接引语。
3.thunder可用作及物动词,也可用作不及物动词。用作及物动词时接名词作宾语。
4.thunder用作不及物动词作“打雷”解时,常用it作主语。
5.thunder后接介词against或at表示“谴责某事”“大声斥责某人”; 后接副词out表示“大声呼叫着表达”。

thunder against(v.+prep.)
▲thunder against sb/sth/v-ing
1.发出巨响冲击 wash against sth forcefully
The waves thundered against the rock.海浪发着巨响拍击岩石。
2.疾言厉辞地斥责 to oppose (sth/sb) in violent words
The speaker thundered against his opponents.发言者猛烈攻击他的对手。
The reformers thunder against drinking and gambling.社会改革者大声疾呼反对酗酒和赌博。

thunder at(v.+prep.)
斥责; 谴责 scold
▲thunder at sb
How can you thunder at me like that?你怎么能那样斥责我呢?
From the rostrum he thundered at them and shook his fists.他从讲坛上向他们大声斥责,并且挥动双拳。
▲thunder sth at sb
Don't thunder threats at the boy.不要大声地恐吓这小孩。

thunder out(v.+adv.)
大声呼叫着表达 express (an opinion) very loudly, usually in a group
▲thunder sth⇔out
Don't thunder out your orders at me!别冲着我大声下命令。
The gun thundered out a salute.礼炮轰响着致敬。

thunder past(v.+adv.)
隆隆地开过 pass with a loud noise
▲thunder past
The train thundered past.火车隆隆驶过。

用作不及物动词
▲S+～(+A)
It is thundering.正在打雷。
It thundered, but no rain fell.光打雷不下雨。
My wife always hides under the bed when it thunders.打雷时我妻子总是吓得躲在床下。
The guns thundered in the distance.炮声在远处隆隆作响。
The tanks thundered over the bridge.坦克过桥时发出隆隆的响声。
Martial music thundered from loudspeakers.扩音机里传出雄壮响亮的军乐。
The huge aircraft thundered along the runway.那架巨大的飞机发出隆隆声沿着跑道滑行。
用作及物动词
▲S+～+n./pron.
He thundered a reply.他大声地回答。
He thunders the punishment meted out to them.他大吼着报出给予他们的惩罚。
▲引出直接引语
“Get out of my house!”he thundered.“从我家里滚出去!”他大声嚷道。
“Steward!”I thundered.“乘务员!”我大声喊道。
“How dare you speak to me like that?”he thundered.“你竟敢这样对我讲话?”他大声喊道。

［同义词］ n.  boom, crash
［词源］＜古英语thunor(雷)

steal sb's thunder
先声夺人spoil sb's attempt to impress by anticipating him
He stole his opponent's thunder by proposing a toast for the distinguished visitor.他抢在对手之前向贵宾敬酒。

There was a loud crash of thunder and large drops of rain started falling.当时雷声大作,大滴大滴的雨点开始落下来。
Lightning and thunder woke everyone before the rain started.下雨之前,电闪雷鸣把我们大家都弄醒了。
He bowed to the thunder of applause from the audience.他鞠躬答谢观众席上发出的雷鸣般的掌声。