1.soil主要用作及物动词,作“(使)…弄脏”解,接名词、代词作宾语。偶尔可用作不及物动词,这时主动形式含有被动意义。
2.soil的过去分词soiled常用作形容词作定语。

用作不及物动词
▲S+～(+A)
White gloves soil easily.白手套很容易弄脏。
用作及物动词
▲S+～+n./pron.
The little boy soiled his trousers.小男孩把裤子弄脏了。
The splashing paint soiled the wall.飞溅的漆弄脏了墙。
He soiled his hands repairing the car.他修汽车弄脏了手。
I wouldn't soil my hands on such a dishonest scheme.我不会让这样一项骗人的计划弄脏我的双手。
Malicious gossip can soil a person's reputation.恶意的流言蜚语会损害一个人的名誉。
◇ 用于be ～ed结构
The shirt collar was badly soiled and would never be white again.衣领太脏了,不能再像原来那样白了。
其他
▲v-ed as Attrib.
She put the soiled clothes into the water.她把脏衣服放到水中。

［同义词］ n.  dirt, earth, land v.  defile, dirty, stain
［词源］  ＜古法语suel(土地)

1.soil的意思是“泥土,土壤,土地”,本意指可生长植物的“土壤”“土地”,属地球表面的一部分,也可作“领土”“故土”解,还可引申为“滋生地”“脏东西”,是不可数名词。
2.soil作“某种土壤”解时是可数名词。

This soil is good for growing things.这种土壤适宜种植庄稼。
She makes her liｖing from the soil.她依靠土地谋生。
He was born on Irish soil.他出生在爱尔兰。
The soldiers longed to retｕrn to their native soil.士兵们渴望返回故土。
Some belieｖe that poｖerty seeds the soil for crime.有些人认为贫穷是犯罪的温床。
What's that soil on yoｕr collar?你领子上的脏东西是什么?
Yulan magnolia can adapt to a variety of soils.玉兰花能适应各种土壤。

soil, earth, ground, land
参见earth条。