1.shut的基本意思是“关”“关上”,指(使)由开着的状态变为关闭的状态,即把敞开的东西合起来或关上。强调关闭的动作、过程及采取的方法。引申可表示“夹住”。
2.shut用作及物动词时,接名词或代词作宾语,也可接由形容词、副词充当宾语补足语的复合宾语。用作不及物动词时主动形式常含有被动意义。
3.shut的过去式和过去分词均为shut。

shut down(v.+adv.)
完全关闭 close completely
▲shut down
The shop has shut down because of lack of trade.那商店因生意萧条而停业。
▲shut sth⇔down
She shut the lid down.她扣上了盖儿。
They have shut the shop down.他们关闭了这家商店。
A strike has shut down several car factories.罢工使好几家汽车厂停产。
◇ 用于be ～ed结构
The factory was shut down for two months as a result of the strike.那工厂因为罢工而停工了两个月。

shut in1(v.+adv.)
锁或封在里边 seal or lock in; enclose
▲shut sb/sth⇔in
If you close that door you can shut the noise in.你要是关上那扇门,就听不到吵闹声了。
◇ 用于be ～ed结构
She feels rather shut in.她觉得简直是被关禁闭。

shut in2(v.+prep.)
关在里边 enclose
▲shut sb/sth in sth
She shut her finger in the door.她把手夹在门里了。
Be careful not to shut your fingers in the door.当心,别让门把你的手指夹住。
She shut her clothes in the door.她把衣服夹在门缝里了。
◇ 用于be ～ed结构
He was shut in a room.他被禁闭在一间屋里。

shut off(v.+adv.)
1.停止,关掉 stop; shut completely; prevent from functioning
▲shut sth⇔off
Would you shut the electricity off, please?劳驾,请切断电路好吗?
They have shut off the water supply.他们已经切断了水源。
We shut off the motor before we left the workshop.我们离开车间以前把马达关掉了。
◇ 用于be ～ed结构
The current has been shut off.电流切断了。
After the storm the electricity was shut off for several hours.暴风雨过后停了几个小时的电。
2.隔绝,使不得进入 separate; isolate; prevent from coming in
▲shut oneself⇔off
The girl tried to shut herself off from the world.那女孩企图与世隔绝。
◇ 用于be ～ed结构
We are really shut off here.我们这里确实是闭塞。
They feel shut off from all human contact on this island.他们觉得在这个小岛上与人世隔绝。

shut out(v.+adv.)
排除,关在外边 exclude; lock out; prevent from coming in
▲shut sb/sth⇔out
You really can't shut him out so easily.你确实不能那样轻易地把他拒之门外。
He shut the cat out.他把猫关在外边。
She has tried to shut the memories out.她尽力排除对往事的回忆。
Close the door and shut out that draught!关上门把那股穿堂风挡住!
It's impossible to shut out all news from the outside world.封锁外界的消息是不可能的。
I can't shut out the picture of the accident.我不能忘却那次事故的景象。

shut to(v.+prep.)
不对…开放 not open to sth
▲shut sb/sth to sb/sth
Canada shut its fishing waters to the United States.加拿大的捕鱼水域不对美国开放。

shut up(v.+adv.)
1.安静,停止说话 be quiet; stop talking
▲shut up
I wish she would shut up!她要是安静下来该多好!
Shut up,I'm trying to think.别说了,我在想问题。
Shut up and let me alone!住嘴,别管我!
I asked them to shut up and let us listen to the radio.我让他们别说话,好让我们听听收音机。
▲shut sb⇔up
The boy talked too much and I had to shut him up.这孩子话太多了,我不得不禁止他开口。
2.关严 close completely, but not necessarily forever
▲shut sb/sth⇔up
I shut my office up and went for lunch.我把办公室的门窗关好了就去吃午饭。
It's time to shut up shop and go home.该打烊回家了。
They have shut up their town house and have gone to the country for the summer.他们锁好城里的房子到乡下去过夏天了。
◇ 用于be ～ed结构
The shop has been shut up temporarily.这家商店临时停业了。
The thief was shut up in prison.那小偷被监禁在狱中。

用作不及物动词
▲S+～(+A)
The box shuts hard.这盒子很难关上。
The door shuts easily.这门很容易关。
The post office will shut at six pm.邮局在下午六点关门。
The flowers shut quietly at night.花在夜晚悄悄地合上。
用作及物动词
▲S+～+n./pron.
Shut the windows before you leave.走之前把窗户关上。
He shut the book and put it away.他把书合起来,放到一边。
She shut the umbrella and entered the house.她收起雨伞进入屋里。
He shut his mouth and refused to say anything more.他闭上了嘴,什么也不说了。
He was angry, shut his mouth and said nothing.他生气了,闭上嘴巴什么也没说。
They shut their eyes to crime in which they did not participate.他们假装没有看见自己没有参与过的罪行。
◇ 用于be ～ed结构
Her eyes were shut.她的眼睛闭着。
It was so late that all the shops were shut.太晚了,所有店门都关上了。
The door is closed but not shut.门关着,但没上锁。
用作宾补动词
▲S+～+n./pron.+adj.
She would shut her eyes tight.她把眼睛闭得很严。

shut, close
参见close条。

1.请关掉收音机,孩子入睡了。
［误］  Please shut off the radio.The child has gone to sleep.
［正］  Please turn off the radio.The child has gone to sleep.
［析］  shut的意思是“把敞开着的东西合或关起来”,当表示“把…的开关关掉”时,不可用shut off,而用turn off。
2.检查水管时,把水关上了几个小时。
［误］  The water was shut for several hours while the pipes were being repaired.
［正］  The water was shut off for several hours while the pipes were being repaired.
［析］  shut作“关掉”解时,宾语通常是门、窗等可以打开的东西; 当表示“关上”“堵住”水、气等时,应该用shut off。
3.这窗户容易关。
［误］  The window is shut easily.
［正］  The window shuts easily.
那商店晚上九点才关门。
［误］  The shop will not be shut until 9 p.m.
［正］  The shop will not shut until 9 p.m.
［析］  shut作“关上”解时,可用作不及物动词,以门、商店等作主语,这时主动形式可表示被动意义。

shut up作“别讲话了”“住嘴”解,似乎不是礼貌用语,但却符合英语习惯,是一个有较长历史的习惯用语,并不带有恶意或敌意,而是一个中性的习语。

［同义词］   close
［反义词］   open
［词源］  ＜古英语scyttan (关闭)