1.shoot的基本意思是“射”。指开枪等“射击”,可指“射”的动作,也可指“射中”或“射死”的结果。用作及物动词时其宾语通常是人或动物等。
2.shoot还可指体育运动中的“投篮”“射门”,用于比喻也可指投来目光、射来亮光等。
3.shoot还可以作“疾驰(vi.)”“飞速通过(vt.)”解,表示使某物沿方向突然或迅速运动,不强调动作的突然性,只强调动作的持续和延伸。
4.shoot还可作“拍摄”“刺痛,剧痛”“玩”“击出”“说出”“注射”等解。
5.shoot可用作及物动词,也可用作不及物动词。用作及物动词时可接名词或代词作宾语,也可接同源宾语或双宾语。还可接以形容词充当补足语的复合宾语。用作不及物动词时常接动词不定式作目的状语。
6.表示“用枪打死”时,美国人说shoot to death; 而英国人说 shoot dead。

shoot across(v.+prep.)
飞快地越过 move quickly across sth
▲shoot across sth
The meteor shot across the sky.流星飞快地掠过天空。

shoot at(v.+prep.)
1.向…射击〔开枪〕 aim or fire at with a gun
▲shoot at sth
He shot at a bird, but missed it.他开枪打鸟,但没有打中。
He is looking for an opportunity to shoot at goal.他在寻找机会射门。
▲shoot sth at sb/sth
She shot an angry look at him.她愤怒地盯了他一眼。
I shot an arrow at the target.我对准目标射出一箭。
What are you shooting your gun at?你在用枪打什么?
2.力图达到 aim at or try to gain
▲shoot at sth
He is shooting at the directorship.他力图得到厂长的职位。

shoot away(v.+adv.)
1.连续射击 continue shooting
▲shoot away
We've been shooting away for three hours, and haven't hit anything yet.我们已连续射击了3个小时,可是什么也没击中。
2.打掉,打落 remove sth with gunfire
▲shoot sth⇔away
The artillery shot away the church spire and most of one wall.火炮打掉了教堂的尖顶和一面墙的大部分。
The soldier avoided military duty by shooting away one of his toes.为逃避战斗,那个士兵用枪打掉了自己的脚趾。
◇ 用于be ～ed结构
The blockhouse has been shot away.碉堡已被炮火打掉了。
3.打光,射完 use up by shooting
▲shoot sth⇔away
We have shot away all our ammunition.我们把弹药用完了。
4.迅速逃离 move away quickly
▲shoot away
The rabbit shot away as soon as it smelt the dog coming near.一嗅到狗走近的气味兔子就迅速逃开了。

shoot down(v.+adv.)
1.朝下射击 shoot from above
▲shoot down into sth
The soldiers shot down into the ravine.士兵们向深谷里射击。
2.击落 bring down by shooting
▲shoot sth⇔down
They had shot down five planes by dark.到天黑的时候,他们已击落了5架飞机。
The anti-aircraft guns shot down three enemy planes.高射炮击落了三架敌机。
◇ 用于be ～ed结构
The aeroplanes were shot down in flames.那些飞机被击落后冒着烟。
3.反对,击破…的论点 destroy sb's ideas by argument
▲shoot sb/sth⇔down
Why did you shoot him down in flames like that?你为什么那么严厉地批评他?
The chairman shot down another idea.主席坚决反对另一个意见。
◇ 用于be ～ed结构
His clever ideas were shot down in flames.他那聪明的主意遭到猛烈的批评。

shoot for(v.+prep.)
打算达到 try to reach; have a goal; aim at
▲shoot for sth
We're shooting this year for a 50% increase in sales.我们今年的目标是销售增加50%。
We are shooting for a higher production level.我们力争提高生产水平。
We should shoot for the best results.我们应力争取得最好的成绩。

shoot forward(v.+adv.)
飞速向前 rapidly progress
▲shoot forward
The yacht shot forward.游艇飞似地向前驶去。

shoot from(v.+prep.)
从…中射出 send sth out from sth
▲shoot sth from sth
He shot an arrow from his bow.他射出了弓上的箭。

shoot into(v.+prep.)
突然出现 appear suddenly
▲shoot into sth
A wild idea shot into her mind.一个疯狂的想法突然出现在她的头脑中。

shoot off(v.+adv.)
▲shoot sth⇔off
1.打掉,炸掉 sever by shooting
◇ 用于be ～ed结构
His arm was shot off in a battle.在一次战斗中,他的一只手臂被炸掉了。
2.放枪,开炮,燃放烟火 fire or explode into air without aiming
They shot off their weapons as a sign of victory.他们朝天鸣枪以示胜利。

shoot oneself
自杀 commit suicide
She shot herself through the head.她一枪打穿了自己的头。

shoot out (v.+adv.)
1.从里边射出 shoot from inside
▲shoot out at sb
The trapped men shot out through the windows at their attackers.那些被围困的人从窗户里向进攻者开火。
2.突然出击 make a action suddenly
▲shoot sb/sth⇔out
He suddenly shot out his fist.他突然打出一拳。
All the children shot out their hands for the money.所有孩子突然伸出手来要钱。
As the teacher turned his back, the child shot out his tongue.老师转过身时,那小孩伸了一下舌头。
The snake shot its tongue out.这蛇突然伸出舌头。
3.迅速长出 grow out quickly
▲shoot out
The new growth is just shooting out.那株新植物刚刚抽芽。
Rose bushes shoot out again after being cut back.玫瑰丛在修剪之后还能再长出新芽。
4.用射击解决或结束 settle or bring to an end by shooting
▲shoot sb/sth⇔out
The two men decided to shoot it out.那两个人决定用枪决斗。

shoot up(v.+adv.)
1.向上射击 fire upwards
▲shoot up (at sth)
The soldiers shot up at the windows.士兵们向上面窗户开火。
2.开火攻击并祸害 attack and wreck by shooting
▲shoot sth⇔up
Some gang came in and shot the place up.有股匪帮进来对这个地方开枪骚扰。
3.迅速成长 grow rapidly
▲shoot up
The girl is shooting up.那女孩长得快。
After last week's rain, the weeds have shot up.上星期的一场雨之后野草开始疯长。
4.迅速发送 send up rapidly
▲shoot sth⇔up
They shot the spaceship up into the sky.他们把飞船发射上天。

shoot upward(v.+adv.)
飞快上升 rise rapidly
▲shoot upward
The elevator shot upward.电梯飞快地上升。


shoot with(v.+prep.)
用…射击 fire a gun with sth
▲shoot sth with sth
You'd be lucky to shoot a fighter down with a light machine-gun.你很幸运能用轻机枪打下一架战斗机。

用作不及物动词
▲S+～(+A)
The hunter aimed at the animal but did not shoot.猎人向那个动物瞄准但未开枪。
The sentry shouted,“Stand off, or I'll shoot.”哨兵喝道：“走开,不然我要开枪了。”
He told me to shoot low.他叫我朝低处射击。
This gun shoots very well.这支枪很准。
Our striker got into a good position to shoot, but then missed his kick.我们的前锋取得一个有利的位置射门,可惜没有射中。
They used to fish in the summer and shoot in the winter.过去,他们经常夏季捕鱼,冬季狩猎。
The scene was shooting and they left the village.该景正在拍摄时,他们离开了村子。
Buds shoot forth in the spring.芽在春天里长出。
Pain shot through his arm.他的臂刺痛。
You want to tell me something?Well, shoot!你有事告诉我吗?那好,说吧!
▲S+～+to-v
The police didn't shoot to kill.警察未鸣枪镇压。
用作及物动词
▲S+～+n./pron.
The policeman shot the mad dog.警察射杀了那只疯狗。
He's in Africa shooting lions.他在非洲猎狮。
He shot a bird and killed it.他打中了一只鸟,并且把它打死了。
Then this man will soon shoot his last shot!这样,这个人很快就不能再射箭了!
The sun shoots its beam through the mist.太阳透过薄雾射出光芒。
The hovercraft shot a bridge.那气垫船迅速从桥底穿过。
The robbers' car shot the traffic lights.强盗的汽车飞速地闯过红灯。
She shot her bolt but could think of no more to say.她想了又想,可再也想不出更多的要说了。
I tried to explain to my classmates how the accident happened and found that they thought I was shooting a line.我给同学们解释事故是如何发生的,却发觉他们认为我是在吹牛。
Jerry was shooting a line that his parents were friends of the American president, but no one believed him.杰里吹牛说他父母是美国总统的朋友,但没有一个人相信他的话。
Let's shoot some pool.我们玩局撞球吧。
He shot 70 in the first round.他第一场击出了70杆。
◇ 用于be ～ed结构
He was shot three times in the arm.他臂上3次中弹。
This mechanism has been shot by prolonged misuse.这个机械装置由于长期滥用而毁坏了。
A fellow who speaks ill of his friends like that should be shot.那样说朋友坏话的家伙真可恶。
用作双宾动词
▲S+～+pron./n.+n./pron.
She shot me a sideway glance.她向我瞥了一眼。
用作宾补动词
▲S+～+n./pron.+adj./prep.-phrase
She has shot the wolf wounded.她已经把那只狼打伤了。
◇ 用于be ～ed结构
The postmaster was shot dead by the robbers.那位邮政局长被强盗开枪打死了。
The robber was shot dead by the policeman.那强盗被警察击毙了。

   shoot, shoot at
shoot和shoot at所表达的含义不同:shoot表示射中、射伤或射死; 而shoot at表示瞄准向某人或某物射击,但不一定射中。
shoot, dart
参见dart条。
shoot, hang, kill, murder
参见hang条。

1.他向一只鸟射击,但没射中。
［误］  He shot to a bird, but missed it.
［正］  He shot at a bird, but missed it.
猎人将狮子射死了。
［误］  The hunter shot at the lion.
［正］  The hunter shot the lion.
［析］  shoot表示“射死”,是及物动词,后面直接跟宾语; 而shoot at...表示“向…开枪”,这时shoot是不及物动词,介词at不能换成to。
2.那只船在迅速穿过急流时倾覆了。
［误］  The boat overturned as it shot through the rapids.
［正］  The boat overturned as it shot the rapids.
［析］  表示“(船等)飞速通过”时shoot是及物动词,应该直接跟宾语,而不应加介词through。
3.他向我射击。
［误］  He shot a bullet at me.
［误］  He shot a gun at me.
［正］  He shot at me.
［析］  尽管shoot可表示“开枪”,但不可用枪或子弹作宾语。

shoot有“打〔杀〕而未必死”之意,故若强调“打〔杀〕死”之意,有时需借助其他词的辅助,常见的结构有：shoot...and kill...; shoot...to death; shoot...dead等。

1.shoot用作名词的基本意思是“射击的场合”或“狩猎,狩猎区,狩猎队”。
2.shoot还可作“嫩芽,幼苗,嫩枝”解。

the whole (bang) shoot
每一件东西,一切the lot〔everything〕
He decided to buy the whole shoot.他决定全部买下来。
Don't try to sort out those papers—just throw the whole shoot in the fire.不用清理那些文件了,把它们全都烧掉。
Please empty that cupboard and throw everything away—I want to get rid of the whole bang shoot.请把那橱柜倒空,把所有的东西都扔掉——我想把里面的每样东西都清除掉。

He is a member of grouse shoot.他是一名狩猎松鸡的队员。
There's a new shoot coming up, the plant isn't dead.正在长新芽,这株植物没有枯死。
New shoots appeared on the bush.灌木丛长出了新枝。
The trees send out new shoots in spring.春天树都长出新枝。
The next morning I found the shoots standing up straight, not a bit damaged.第二天早上我发现秧苗挺立着,一点也没损坏。
He pinched out the side shoots.他掐掉边芽。
The rose bush is putting out new shoots.玫瑰花丛正长出新枝。
I gradually learned their methods of caring for the rice shoots.我逐步学会了他们管理秧苗的方法。
The deer were eating the young shoots on the trees.那些鹿正在吃树上的嫩枝。

shoot, bough, branch, spray, twig
参见branch条。

［同义词］ v.  blast, charge, dart, dash, fire, hit, kill, race, take n.  branch, offshoot, slip
［词源］  ＜古英语sceotan＜古挪威语skjota(射击,发射)