1.proportion的基本意思是“使均衡”“使相称”“使成比例”,指事物内部各细节安排得匀称整齐,从而产生一种美感。这种优雅的美感与事物的大小、持续时间的长短或强度都没有关系。
2.proportion是及物动词,接名词或代词作宾语。可用于被动结构。
3.proportion的宾语后常接介词to引起的短语,意思是“使…与…成比例”。

proportion to(v.+prep.)
量入为出 keep expenditures below income
▲proportion sth to sth
You must proportion the width of a building to its height.你必须使建筑物的宽度与其高度成比例。
He proportioned his expenditure to his income.他使自己的收支成比例。

用作及物动词
▲S+～+n./pron.
We must proportion the power of the two parties.我们必须均衡两个政党的力量。
◇ 用于be ～ed 结构
The different parts of the house are well proportioned.这座房子的各部分都很匀称。

1.proportion of作“部分”解时,如果后面是不可数名词或单数可数名词(指量),谓语动词要用单数形式; 如果后面是复数名词,则谓语动词可以用单数,也可以用复数; 当proportion作“比例”解时,无论of后面的名词是单数还是复数,谓语动词一概用单数。
2.in the proportion of意为“按…的比例”。

in proportion
1.相称; 符合比例in the correct relation to other things
His features are in proportion.他五官端正。
In drawing a person, it is difficult to get all the parts of the body in proportion.画人时,很难将身体各部分画得成比例。
When you're angry you don't always see things in proportion.人生气时往往不按情理看事情。
2.有相同的比值having equal ratios
 and  are in proportion.和比值相同。
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in proportion to
相对于某事物来说; 与某事物成比例relative to sth
His short legs were not in proportion to his long body.他的短腿和他的身长不成比例。
His expenditure on pleasure and luxuries is rather high in proportion to his income.同他的收入相比较,他在享受行乐方面的花费太高了。
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out of proportion
不相称; 不成比例in the wrong relation (to other things)
I like the general style of the building, but the chimneys are out of proportion; they're too big.我喜欢这栋房子的总构型,可是烟囱太大,不成比例。
His head is out of proportion to the size of his body.他的头部与身体大小不成比例。
The price of this article is out of all proportion to its value.这物品的价格大超出了它的价值。

The painting lacks proportion.这幅画比例失调。
His success bore no proportion to his abilities.他的成就与他的才能不相称。
The proportion of men to women in the population has changed in recent years.近几年男性同女性的比例有了改变。
The proportion of imports to exports is worrying the government.进口与出口的比例令政府担忧。
A large proportion of my time is spent in studying.我的大部分时间用在学习上了。
A large proportion of the children come to school by bus.很大一部分儿童乘公共汽车上学。
The land is divided in such proportions that the farmers are all satisfied.土地划分成非常合理的份数,所有的农夫都很满意。
The paint should be mixed in the proportion of one part of paint to two parts of water.油漆应以一份油漆两份水的比例来调制。

1.proportion用作数学专业术语时指“(两组数之间的)比例”。例如:
“3 is to 9 as 6 is to 18” is a statement of proportion.“3比9与6比18的比例相等”是一种有关比例的陈述。
2.proportions可作“面积,体积,规模,大小”解,用作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。例如:
The proportions of the room allows us to put in a grand piano.该房间的面积可以让我们放进一架大钢琴。