1.pain用作动词的意思是“使疼痛”,此为陈旧用法,仅限于书面语体。用于比喻可表示“使痛苦”。
2.pain多接表示人的名词或代词作宾语; pain作“作痛,觉得痛”解时,主语通常为身体的某部分,可用于进行体,表示持续地疼痛。
3.pain表示身体某部位疼痛时不用于被动结构。
4.pain的过去分词pained可用作形容词,主要用来指精神上的痛苦,在句中可用作定语。

用作不及物动词
▲S+~(+A)
My tongue is paining.我舌头痛。
用作及物动词
▲S+～+n./pron.
Her injured arm pained her sharply.她那受伤的手臂使她感到剧烈疼痛。
Does your ankle still pain you?你的脚踝还痛吗?
The child's constant tantrums pained his mother.孩子经常发脾气,他母亲感到很烦恼。
Such remarks always pained him.这些话总是使他痛苦。
Your laziness pains your parents.你的懒惰使父母很痛苦。
It pains me deeply.这使我深为痛苦。
◇ 用于be ～ed结构
She was pained when you refused her invitation.你拒绝接受邀请时她十分痛苦。
She looked pained when I refused to help.当我拒绝帮助时,她显得很痛苦。
▲It ～s/ed+n./pron.+to-v
It pained me to see him thinner from illness.看到他因病而日渐消瘦,我心里很难受。
It pains him to have to go there.不得不去那儿使他很烦。
▲It ～s/ed+n./pron.+that-clause
It pained him that his father talked like that.他的父亲那样说使他痛苦。
其他
▲v-ed as Attrib.
He had a pained look.他露出痛苦的神情。
After they had quarrelled there was a pained silence between them.他们吵架后,彼此难堪地一言不发。

1.我的腿还在疼。
［误］  I am still paining the leg.
［正］  The leg is still paining me.
［析］  pain作及物动词时,表示“使疼痛”“伤害”,其宾语一般是人。
2.我经常喉咙痛。
［误］  My throat aches me very often.
［正］  My throat pains me very often.
撇下子女不管(这种做法)使他很痛心。
［误］  It ached him to leave his family behind.
［正］  It pained him to leave his family behind.
［析］  ache只用作不及物动词,不能后接宾语,故应改为pain。

［同义词］ n.  ache, bother, hurt, trouble v.  annoy, disquiet, grieve, hurt, irritate, worry, wound
［反义词］ v.  gratify, please
［词源］  ＜古法语peine＜拉丁语poena＜希腊语poine(处罚)

1.pain的基本意思是“疼痛,痛苦”,可指肉体上的疼痛,也可指精神、感情上的痛苦或悲痛,泛指疼痛时是不可数名词,特指身体某部位疼痛或pain前有形容词修饰时是可数名词。引申可作“劳苦,辛劳,烦劳”“麻烦”解,是可数名词,多用复数形式,用作主语时,其谓语动词也用复数形式。
2.pain前可加不定冠词修饰,疼痛部位可用介词in引出。表示阵阵疼痛或各种疼痛时也可用复数形式。
3.在口语里pain还可表示“令人厌烦的人或事物”,常用于单数形式。

a pain in the neck
讨厌或可恶的家伙,使人厌烦的责任 sb/sth that is always a nuisance
As a friend he is not bad, but as an employer, he is a pain in the neck.作为朋友他不坏,但作为雇主,他是个讨厌的人。
Don't tell me Christopher is coming, wherever he goes he's a pain in the neck.不要告诉我克里斯托夫要来,不管他到哪里,他总是个令人讨厌的家伙。
It's a pain in the neck having to meet them at the airport.必须到机场去接他们,真是烦人。

be at (great)〔the〕 pains
尽力,用心,下苦功 take much trouble
▲be at (great) pains to-v
He is at pains to find facts.他正在努力了解事实真相。
He was at great pains to point out my mistake.他极力指出我的错误。
▲be at the pains of v-ing
We are at the pains of quickening our steps.我们正努力加快步伐。

feel no pain
醉倒 be drunken
I feel no pain.我喝醉了。
After a few drinks, the man felt no pain and began to act foolishly.喝了一些酒之后,那人便醉了,开始做傻事。

for one's pains
作为辛劳的酬报; 费尽苦心的结果 as a response to one's efforts
I spent two hours mowing her lawn and all she gave me for my pains was a cup of tea!我花了整整两个小时刈她的草地,而她给我辛勤劳动的报酬只是一杯茶。
The enemy got a heavy blow for their pains.尽管敌人费尽心机,还是遭到了沉重的打击。
She looked after her sick mother for 5 years and all she got for her pains was ingratitude.她母亲生病,她照顾了5年,到头来却是费力不讨好。

go to great pains
努力,下工夫 take much trouble
▲go to great pains to-v
He went to great pains to show how horrifying the war was.他极力指出战争是多么的恐怖。
She went to great pains to see that all her guests were provided with whatever they needed.她努力确保使每位客人都得到他们各自的需求。

in (great) pain
很疼痛 aching severely
I'm wounded and in pain.我受伤了,而且很疼。
The patient is in great pain.病人疼得很厉害。

on (the) pain of death
冒受处罚的危险 at the risk of severe punishment
They were forbidden to leave, on pain of death.他们被禁止离开,违则处死。
Yes, you can go to the party, but you come late on the pain of death.好,你可以去参加舞会了,但你回来晚了得小心挨罚。

take (great) pains
下工夫,花气力 try hard (to do sth); take much trouble
▲take (great) pains to-v
He took pains to make me realize my mistake.他费了很多力气,让我认识到自己的错误。
They took great pains to build up their influence there.他们花很大气力在那里培植他们的势力。
▲take (great) pains with sth 
Mary took great pains with her English lessons and got high marks.玛丽在英语课方面狠下了工夫,因而考了高分。

under pain of
如果违反则以…论处 at the risk of suffering (some punishment)
You must sign the confession under pain of death.你必须在这份坦白书上签字,否则就处死你。

with great pains
费力地 with great efforts
With great pains and much patience,I at last managed to get from the information I wanted.我费了很大劲和很大耐心,最后总算得到了我想要的情报。

Her back gives her a lot of pain.她背痛得厉害。
He was crying with pain after he broke his arm.他折断手臂后疼得大叫。
Mother has a pain in her chest.母亲胸口疼。
As Jim leaned to the ground to pick up the pen, he felt a sharp pain in his back.吉姆弯腰拾钢笔时,感到后背一阵剧痛。
He has pains in the arm.他手臂痛。
The old patient has shooting pains in the head.这位老病人脑部有放射痛。
Some patients don't refer to the discomfort of angina as an ache; rather they describe it as sudden sharp pains.有些病人不把心绞痛叫做钝痛,而说成阵阵剧痛。
The doctor was associated in the child's mind with injections and pains.在孩子的脑子里,医生总是使他联想到打针与疼痛。
She asked after the aches and pains of all the old people.她询问了所有老人的各种病痛。
His unkind behavior caused his parents a great deal of pain.他那不仁慈的举止使其父母极为伤心。
You may save your pains.你不必费心。
He spared neither pains nor expense.他既不辞劳苦也不惜费用。
We shall spare no pains to support the oppressed people.我们要全力支持被压迫人民。
He lavished enormous pains on the choice of every word.他选用每个词都煞费苦心,推敲再三。
She's a real pain.她真是个讨厌的人。
You give me a pain.你真叫我讨厌。
We've missed the last bus—what a pain!我们没赶上末班公共汽车——真倒霉!

at pains, at the pains
这两个短语都可作“努力”“下苦功”解。其区别在于:at pains搭用动词不定式短语,而at the pains则要搭用介词of引起的动名词短语。
for pain, with pain
这两个短语都可作“由于疼痛”解。其区别在于:for pain常用在否定句里,而with pain常用在肯定句里。例如:
I couldn't sleep for pain.我由于疼痛而不能入眠。
The boy was crying with pain.那男孩疼得在哭泣。
pain, ache, sting, stitch
参见ache条。
pain, pang, smart
这三个词都可指肉体上的疼痛,也可指精神上的疼痛。其区别在于:pain所表示的疼痛可以是剧烈的,也可以是轻微的; 而pang和smart表示的都是强烈的、剧烈的疼痛。例如:
He was anxious about an off-and-on pain in the abdomen.他因腹部时隐时现的疼痛而忧虑。
She felt a sudden pang of regret.她突然感到痛悔不已。
He felt his eyes smart with fatigue.他因困倦而感到两眼剧痛。
pain(s), bid, effort(s), endeavour(s), exertion(s)
参见effort条。
下面两个句子的意思是一样的:
It's a pain to get up so early in the morn-
ing.
It's a pain getting up so early in the morn-
ing.
这么早起床,真叫人讨厌。

1.她头痛。
［误］  She has a headpain.
［正］  She has a headache.
［析］  pain一般不可与表示“身体部位”的单词构成复合词。
2.我的脚疼。
［误］  My foot is pain.
［正］  I have a pain in my foot.
［析］  表示人“身体某个部位疼痛”要用have a pain〔pains〕 in...,其中pain是可数名词,表示具体的疼痛部位。
3.这妇女在分娩阵痛中。
［误］  The lady was in severe pain.
［正］  The lady was in severe pains.
即使用刑罚也不能禁止这种习俗。
［误］  Even pain and penalties wouldn't put a stop to such a practice.
［正］  Even pains and penalties wouldn't put a stop to such a practice.
这位老师很辛苦地批改学生们的考卷。
［误］  The teacher took great pain in correcting the pupils' papers.
［正］  The teacher took great pains in correcting the pupils' papers.
［析］  pain作“产妇的阵阵疼痛”“刑罚”“辛苦”等解时,习惯上用复数形式。