1.dirty用作及物动词时,基本意思是“弄脏”,引申还可表示“败坏某人的名声”,接名词或代词作宾语。
2.dirty用作不及物动词时,意思是“变脏”。

用作不及物动词
▲S+～(+A)
White shoes dirty very quickly.白鞋脏的很快。
White gloves dirty easily.白手套易弄脏。
用作及物动词
▲S+～+n./pron.
Don't dirty your hands.别弄脏你的手。
Don't dirty the floor.别把地板弄脏了。
Don't dirty your new dress.别弄脏了你的新裙子。
You will dirty his honoured name.你会败坏他的名誉。

［同义词］ adj. angry, base, bitter, blue, dull, filthy, grimy, low, mean, soiled, unclean v. befoul, foul, pollute, soil, spot
［反义词］ adj. clean, pure, spotlessv. clean, cleanse, purify
［词源］  ＜中古英语drit (脏,排粪)

1.dirty的基本意思是“肮脏的”,可引申形容人的行为、语言或思想的不健康,常译为“下流的”“卑劣的”“淫秽的”,形容天气时往往表示“恶劣的”。
2.dirty在句中可用作定语、表语或宾语补足语,其比较级为dirtier,最高级为dirtiest。
3.dirty可用very或really来修饰,但不可用completely或absolutely修饰。
4.dirty前加定冠词the可用作名词,表示“肮脏的东西”。

be a dirty word
不喜欢的或不正经的事物或想法 thing or idea that is disliked or not respected
My children think that work is a dirty word.我的孩子都觉得工作顶讨厌。

dirty work
苦活 the tasks that sb else does not like or can't face
He got the credit, and we did the dirty work.他得荣誉,我们做不讨好的工作。
You left the dirty work for me.你把苦活留给了我。

give sb a dirty look
厌恶地看着某人 look at sb disapprovingly or in disgust
He gave me a dirty look.他瞪了我一眼。

make dirty with
被…弄脏 be dirty by
He made his hands dirty with mud.他的手被污泥弄脏了。

play a dirty trick on sb
以卑鄙的手段对付某人 play a mean trick on sb
He played a dirty trick on me by refusing to do what he had promised.他拒绝做他所许诺的事,用这种卑鄙的手段对付我。

用作定语
▲～+n.
It was a dirty room.这是一个很脏的房间。
Mother cleared the dirty dishes away when we had finished eating.当我们吃完饭时,妈妈撤走了脏盘子。
Do you think that dirty mark will come out?你说那块污迹能去掉吗?
Keep your dirty fingers off the wet paint.油漆未干,别用脏指头乱摸。
Repairing cars is a dirty job.修汽车是件脏活。
They left me with a stack of dirty dishes.他们留给我一摞脏盘子。
The main street was edged on both sides with dirty decaying buildings.那条主要街道的两边都是些肮脏、破败的房子。
I was hurt by his dirty trick.我被他的卑鄙手段伤害了。
They were telling dirty stories.他们在讲下流事。
You've got a dirty mind.你满脑子下流事。
The company published dirty books.这家公司出版淫秽书籍。
They sat up drinking and telling dirty stories.他们坐着边喝酒边说荤段子。
Don't scribble dirty words on lavatory walls.别在厕所墙上乱写下流话。
He got involved in some dirty dealing in the stock market.他卷入股票市场的一些肮脏交易中。
War is a dirty business.战争是卑鄙的事。
He was willing to use any dirty trick to get what he wanted.他愿意使用任何卑鄙的手段来得到他所要的东西。
I'm sick of her dirty cracks about my work.我憎恶她对我的工作所散布的流言蜚语。
Even in the dirtiest weather, they were driven to go out to sea.即使是最恶劣的天气,他们也被迫出海。
用作表语
▲S+be+～
The boy's hands were dirty.这男孩的双手很脏。
My dress is getting dirty and needs washing.我的连衣裙脏了,需要洗。
Children playing in mud get dirty.在烂泥中玩的孩子弄得很脏。
See how dirty your hands are!瞧你的手多脏啊!
They were hot, dirty, and exhausted.他们又脏又热,疲惫不堪。
I was very dusty and dirty and went up to my room to wash.我满身灰尘和污秽,就进自己房间去洗浴。
It was very dirty, and covered with mould.太脏了,用泥土把它盖上。
It became dirty.它变脏了。
It was found dirty.它被发现是污秽的。
It was made dirty.它被弄脏了。
用作宾语补足语
▲S+V+O+～
I saw the book dirty.我见这本书脏了。
Don't keep it dirty and wash it.不要让它脏下去,洗洗它。
其他
▲as n.
She used a fair cloth to clean away the dirty on the table.她用一块干净的布擦去了桌子上的脏东西。

dirty, filthy, foul, nasty
这组词都可表示“脏的”“恶心的”。其区别是:dirty是最普通用词,意思是“肮脏的”; filthy比dirty强烈一些,表示“令人厌恶的”; foul是这几个词中语气最强烈的词,形容人时表示“令人作呕地讨厌”,形容物时表示“恶臭的”“很肮脏的”“味道难闻的”; nasty指“极其令人厌恶的”,常用来修饰人,表示“爱挑剔的”“令人厌恶的”。例如:
My coat is dirty.我的上衣很脏。
I ought to sell maximum out like that,I would be utterly filthy.我应把它们大部分卖掉,我太讨厌它们了。
The air in this room is foul, open the window.这屋里的空气令人作呕,把窗户打开。
He is a nasty man, don't talk with him.他是一个令人厌恶的人,不要和他说话。