- abolish
- v. [ə'bɒlɪʃ] ( abolishes; abolished; abolishing )
- 双解释义
- vt. 废除; 取消 officially end a law, a system or an institution; bring to an end by law; stop
- 基本要点
1.abolish是正式用词,基本意思是正式停止或终止某事的存在活动或执行,全部或永远“废除,废止,取消”,其对象通常是法律、制度、规则、条约、战争、刑罚、机构、风俗、传统习惯、思想、弊端等,一般不用于人或物。abolish是及物动词,接简单宾语,可用于被动结构。
2.有时也可作“破坏”解。
- 词汇搭配
- ～+名词
- abolish a ban 取消禁令
- abolish a constitutional law 废除一项符合宪法的法规
- abolish a department 撤销一个机构
- abolish a post 撤销一个职位
- abolish a system 废除一种制度
- abolish child labour 禁雇童工
- abolish old rules 取消旧规则
- abolish outmoded regulations and irrational practices 革除陈规陋习
- abolish poverty 消除贫困
- abolish racial discrimination 废除种族歧视
- abolish slavery 废除奴隶制度
- abolish superstitious practices 取缔迷信活动
- abolish tariff barriers 取消关税壁垒
- abolish the death penalty 废除死刑
- abolish the pensions 取消养老金
- abolish the system of exploitation of man by man 消灭人剥削人的制度
- ～+副词
- abolish completely 完全废除
- abolish entirely 全部废除
- abolish permanently 永久废除
- abolish tyrannically 专横地废除
- abolish ultimately 最终废除
- 句型例句
用作及物动词
▲S+～+n./pron.
The Americans abolished slavery in 1863. 美国于1863年废除奴隶制度。
Do abolish this kind of bad custom.一定要废除这种不好的习俗。
Should we abolish the death penalty? 我们应当废止死刑吗？
Some students would like to abolish homework.有些学生希望取消家庭作业。
The government abolished the tax on food. 政府取消了食品税。
They abolished a department last year.他们去年撤销了一个部门。
A fog abolished landscape.大雾把风景破坏了。
◇ 用于be ～ed结构
Slavery was finally abolished in the U.S.in 1863.美国最终在1863年废除了奴隶制度。
Prohibition was abolished in 1933. 禁酒令于1933年废除。
With the founding of new China all the unequal treaties were abolished. 新中国成立后废除了一切不平等条约。
Corporal punishment must be abolished in trying criminals.审讯犯人时必须废止肉刑。
There are many bad customs and laws that ought to be abolished. 许多不好的习俗和法律应当予以废止。
This tax should be abolished.这种税应该取消。
Taxation should be abolished on lower incomes. 低收入应免予征税。
Food rationing was abolished in that country long ago. 那个国家早就取消了粮食配给制。
This institution must be abolished. 这个机构必须撤销。
If war could be abolished, armies and navies would be unnecessary. 如果能消灭战争,就不再需要陆军和海军了。
- 词语辨异
abolish, cancel, do away with, omit, repeal
这组词语都有“废除,取消”的意思。其区别是:
1.从搭配上说:abolish常用于旧的法律、规章、风俗、习惯或社会制度等; cancel常用于契约、合同、特许、约束、义务、个人债务、安排、计划、会议、假期、约会、证书等; do away with常用于去掉某种习惯,免去客套,停止某种活动等; omit一般用于字、词、句等方面; repeal 通常用于法律法规。
2.从意思上说:abolish强调彻底废除; cancel指令其失去效力或取消已有的安排; repeal强调立法机关自己废止或者通过公民投票的方式废止。
3.从用法上说:do away with是不可分性习语; abolish, cancel, omit, repeal都是及物动词,接简单宾语, omit常用于被动语态, cancel有时还可用作不及物动词。
- 补充资料
［派生词］ abolishable adj. 可以废止的‖abolition n. 废除,废止‖abolitionist n. 主张废除…的人‖abolishment n. 废除
［同义词］ abrogate, blot out, cancel, do away with, eliminate, end, eradicate, exterminate, extinguish, put an end to, repeal, repudiate, revoke, set aside, stamp out, terminate, wipe out
［反义词］ authorize, continue, create, establish, found, increase, institute, introduce, legalize, promote, revive, renew, repair, restore, support, sustain
［词源］＜古法语aboliss＜拉丁语abolere(取消)
