1.abnormal的基本意思是“与本类事物的规范与标准明显不同的”,即“反常的,异常的; 不正常的”。在一般用法上常指奇特 和过度,如不同于平常的天气、样子等; 在科学(尤其在生物学)上表示与同类不一致,如“畸形的”“怪异的”; 在心理学上常指异常表现或低于正常适应生活的能力,如“变态的”“低能的”。
2.abnormal不用于比较等级。
用作定语
▲~+n.
They set up a school for abnormal children.他们建立了一所低能儿童学校。
We have an abnormal amount of rain this year.今年我们这里雨量反常地大。
We must delay our journey because of the abnormal weather conditions.由于天气反常,我们必须推迟旅行。
I can't abide his abnormal behaviour.我不能容忍他变态的行为。
Tests have shown that he has some abnormal skin cells.检验表明他有一些异常的皮肤细胞。
用作表语
▲S+be+~
That is simply abnormal.那简直是反常的。
I don't want to get married and have children. Is that abnormal? 我不想结婚生子,这是不正常的吗?
Large families are abnormal today.如今大家庭是不多见的。
They thought his behaviour was abnormal.他们认为他行为反常。
Is the child abnormal in any way?这孩子是否在哪方面有点不正常?
This warm weather is abnormal for February.二月里这种温暖的天气不太正常。
▲It is/was+~+(for sb) to-v
It is abnormal to eat so much. 吃那么多是不正常的。
It is abnormal for a man to eat so much at a meal.一个人一顿饭吃这么多是不正常的。
It is abnormal for a man to have six fingers on each hand.一个人每只手有六根手指时即为畸形。
It is abnormal for him to have done such a foolish thing.他作出这样愚蠢的事真是不正常。
▲It is/was+~+if-clause
It is abnormal if snow falls in October here.这里在10月份下雪是不正常的。
abnormal, subnormal
这两个词均表示“异常的”。abnormal多指在正常事物的范围以外,可指达不到预期的或正常的状态,也可指超过预期的或正常的状态; 而subnormal多指达不到预期的或正常的状态。试比较以下三句:
Newton had an abnormal IQ.
牛顿的智商不正常。(智商超常)
An idiot has an abnormal IQ.
白痴的智商不正常。(智商低下)
An idiot has a subnormal IQ.
白痴的智商低于正常水平。
abnormal, irregular, unnatural
这组词均表示“异常的”。abnormal通常指形状、状态等的异常; irregular通常指违背一般的习惯或规则,即“不合常规的,不规则的”; unnatural则指违反自然法则的不正常,即“不自然的,变态的”。
abnormal, unusual
这两个词均表示“不正常”。abnormal指超越或低于正常水平; unusual强调独特,稀有,别具一格。试比较以下两个短语:
an abnormal child
低能儿童
an unusual child
与众不同的孩子
[派生词] abnormality n. 反常; 变态; 畸形‖abnormally adv. 反常地; 异常地
[同义词] aberrant, curious, different, exceptional, extraordinary, odd, peculiar,queer, singular, strange, uncanny, uncommon, unnatural, unusual
[反义词] normal, regular, straight, usual
[词源]<拉丁语abnormis(与规则不相符的)
