1.abide的基本意思是“容忍,忍受”,指长时间忍受痛苦或不幸而不屈服,侧重耐心与顺从。一般用作及物动词,接名词、代词、动名词或动词不定式作宾语,常与can't或couldn't连用。
2.abide还可作长时间地“逗留”“居住”解,此时一般用作不及物动词,常与介词in, at或with连用,表示“逗留的地点”或“与某人一同居住”。多用于法律或文学上,是古旧用法。
3.abide还可作“等候”解,多指耐心等待某种结果。此时一般用作及物动词,可接名词、代词、动名词作宾语。多用于正式文体中。
4.abide by可指“遵守”法律、“信守”诺言、“忠于”某人或“承担”后果等。一般用于正式文体中。
5.abide作“容忍,忍受”“遵守,信守”“忠于”“承担”解时,其过去式和过去分词均为abided; 作“逗留,居住”“等候”等解时,其过去式和过去分词均为abode。

abide by(v.+prep.)
〔说明〕 abide by通常不用于被动结构。
1.遵守,信守obey exactly or remain faithful to
▲abide by sth
Resident aliens must abide by the laws of this country.外国侨民必须遵守这个国家的法律。
You must abide by what you have said.你说话要算数。
2.忠于(某人)be faithful to (usually sb)
▲abide by sb
He abides by his friends.他忠于朋友。
3.接受,承担accept sth without complaint
▲abide by sth
You must abide by the results of your mistakes.你必须承担你的错误所造成的后果。

abide in〔at〕(v.+prep.)
〈旧〉在…居住〔逗留〕live or stay in (a place)
▲abide in〔at〕 sth
They abide in a remote village.他们住在一个偏远的村子里。

abide with(v.+prep.)
〈旧〉与(某人)住在一起stay with (usually sb)
▲abide with sb
The child abode with his grandparents for three years before being returned to his home.那个孩子和祖父母一起居住了三年才回到自己的家里。

用作不及物动词
▲S+～(+A)
They abide here for a year.他们在这里住了一年。
用作及物动词
▲S+～+n./pron.
How can you abide such a person? 你怎么能屈从于这样的人?
She can't abide his rudeness.她不能忍受他的粗鲁行为。
The boy was too young to abide such heavy work.这孩子太小,干不了这样的重活。
She'll abide her time.她将等待时机。
▲S+～+to-v
She couldn't abide to live in poverty.在贫困中度日,她忍受不了。
He could never abide to be helped into the saddle.他最受不了人家扶他上马。
▲S+～+v-ing
She cannot abide seeing such cruelty.她不忍看见这种残暴行为。
We all abide your coming.我们等待你的到来。

abide, inhabit, live, reside, stay
参见live条。

必须遵守学校规则。
［误］  The school regulations must be abided by.
［正］  We must abide by the school regulations.
［析］  abide by通常不用在被动句中,应改为主动句,并根据需要用主语we, you或其他词。

［同义词］   adhere, bear, endure, observe
［反义词］   disobey
［词源］＜古英语abidan(持续,等待)