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| 11. | After the Yuan Dynasty was founded, the adherents of the preceding Song Dynasty made ancient academies |
| 摘要元代建立之后，南宋遗民将书院作为研究与传播程朱理学的基地，以捍卫其作为“道统”维护者的尊严。 |
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| 12. | the author thinks that the sea-freight is a characteristic of economic history in and also in Yuan Dynasty |
| 通过对元代海运的成因、发展阶段、主要航线、运粮情况以及管理等方面进行论述,笔者认为,海运是元代经济史上同时也是中国古代漕运史上的一大特色。 |
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| 13. | history and splendid culture, To the east ZhengZhou-the provincial capital and the west LuoYang-the ancient |
| 我厂地处嵩山脚下，伊洛河畔，这里是华夏文明的重要发源地，有着悠久的历史和灿烂的文化，东临省会郑州，西临九朝古都洛阳。 |
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